沼气发电机组是通过将生物质发酵产生的净化沼气在燃气内燃机气缸内进行压缩并点燃来发电的装置. 沼气是由人类和动物粪便等有机物发酵产生的可燃气体, 农作物秸秆, ETC. 在隔离空气中适宜的温度和湿度条件下 (还原条件). 沼气的主要成分是甲烷, 这是一种理想的气体燃料. 它无色无味, 当与适量的空气混合时, 它立即燃烧. 每立方米纯甲烷的最大发热量为 34000 焦耳, 而每立方米沼气产生的热量约为 20800-23600 焦耳. 完全燃烧后 1 立方米沼气, 它可以产生相当于 0.7 公斤无烟煤. 密封厌氧池, 收集沼气, 然后配备沼气发电机，利用这种可燃气体发电, 这就是沼气发电.

Biogas is a mixture of gases, primarily composed of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). Methane accounts for 45% to 70%, carbon dioxide for 30% to 40%, with small amounts of hydrogen, 一氧化碳, hydrogen sulfide, 氧, and nitrogen. Due to its combustible methane content, biogas can serve as fuel. Biogas is a product of bacterial decomposition of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. Urban organic waste, sewage sludge from treatment plants, rural livestock and human manure, 农作物秸秆, and similar materials can all serve as feedstock for biogas production.

2. Biogas Requirements for the Unit (Within 1m of the Gas Inlet Valve)

• Biogas temperature ≤40°C;

• Biogas pressure: 3–20 kPa, 压力变化率≤1kPa/min;
• H₂S ≤ 200 mg/Nm³;
• NH₃ ≤ 20 mg/Nm³;
• CH₄ content in biogas ≥ 40%, variation rate ≤2%/min

Suitable gas sources: Biogas produced from various organic materials including landfill gas, livestock manure, and industrial organic waste.